Erythropoietin Short Peptide JM-4 28-46: GCAEHCSLNENITVPDTKV, Erythropoietin (EPO) is a 165 amino acid glycoprotein hormone. JM-4 peptide contains a disulfide bond motif. The peptide demonstrated the most potent clinical beneficial effects without producing hematocrit alterations in animal models. The JM-4 peptide, which is a 19-mer segment derived from the A? loop of the erythropoietin (EPO) molecule, is a revolutionary therapeutic agent for central nervous system disorders. The innovation lies in the fact that EPO has two distinct functions - promoting red blood cell production and offering tissue protection - which are localized in different regions of the molecule. Unlike whole-molecule EPO therapy, which is known to increase hematocrit levels, JM-4 is exceptional because it provides significant clinical benefits without affecting hematocrit.
JM-4 was specifically designed for tissue protection and identified through a meticulous screening of small EPO-derived peptides in animal models of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE). Its unique composition, featuring two cysteine molecules, enables it to deliver potent clinical benefits. The mechanism underlying JM-4's efficacy is its ability to modulate the immunoregulatory processes that are crucial in controlling inflammation and preventing autoimmune damage. This modulation is evident in both peripheral lymphatic tissues and the central nervous system.
JM-4's therapeutic action includes inhibiting the expansion of monocyte/dendritic antigen-presenting cells and T helper 17 cell populations, reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and significantly boosting the regulatory T-cell population. These effects collectively contribute to its potential as a versatile treatment option for a wide array of conditions, both neural and non-neural, that are associated with inflammation. As such, JM-4 represents a promising advancement in the field of medical therapeutics, offering the benefits of EPO-derived treatments without the associated side effects. | 