Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (1-31) (human), also known as PrRP31, is a 31-amino acid neuropeptide that plays a significant role in the regulation of food intake and various hormonal responses. This peptide is particularly important in neuroscience and endocrinology research due to its interaction with specific G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and its influence on the release of other neuropeptides and hormones.
Applications in Biological Research
PrRP31 is primarily found in the hypothalamus, medulla, and pituitary gland, where it acts as an agonist for the GPR10/hGR3 receptor and the neuropeptide FF receptor (hNPFF2), with high affinity (Kis of 1 nM and 19 nM, respectively). In biological research, PrRP31 is extensively studied for its ability to stimulate calcium mobilization and GTP?S binding, which are critical in signal transduction pathways. The peptide’s role in modulating neuropeptide release makes it an important subject for understanding neuroendocrine functions, particularly in how the brain regulates hormones that control reproductive functions and food intake.
Function and Mechanisms of Action
PrRP31 has been shown to increase the release of several key neuropeptides, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and galanin, from the medial basal hypothalamus. This release leads to increased plasma levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone, highlighting its role in reproductive hormone regulation. Furthermore, PrRP31 significantly reduces food intake in fasted rats, demonstrating its potential application in research focused on appetite regulation and obesity.
Significance in Drug Research
Given its potent effects on hormone release and food intake, PrRP31 is of considerable interest in drug development, particularly for conditions related to metabolic disorders and reproductive health. Researchers are exploring its therapeutic potential in treating obesity, eating disorders, and hormonal imbalances. The peptide’s ability to influence multiple hormonal pathways makes it a promising candidate for developing novel treatments.
Molecular and Storage Information
The molecular formula of PrRP31 is C160H252N56O42S, with a molecular weight of 3664.18 g/mol. The peptide is synthetic and should be stored at temperatures below -15°C to maintain its stability and bioactivity.
Prolactin-Releasing Peptide (1-31) (human) is an invaluable tool for researchers investigating the complex interactions between neuropeptides, hormones, and physiological behaviors, particularly those related to food intake and reproductive health. | 