| OVA (257-264) is a class I (Kb)-restricted peptide epitope of ovalbumin (OVA), presented by the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule, H-2Kb.
Overview of SIINFEKL Peptide
SIINFEKL is a well-known epitope derived from the ovalbumin protein (OVA), a major component of egg whites. It represents an 8-amino acid sequence (Ser-Ile-Ile-Asn-Phe-Glu-Lys-Leu), often referred to as OVA257-264, recognized by the immune system, particularly by CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in C57BL/6 mice. This peptide has become an essential tool in immunological studies, particularly in antigen presentation, T-cell response assays, and vaccine development.
Functions of SIINFEKL Peptide
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Immunological Epitope: SIINFEKL acts as a strong immunogenic epitope that binds to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, specifically H-2Kb in mice. This makes it highly useful in studying T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement and MHC class I antigen presentation pathways.
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Activation of CD8+ T Cells: Once presented by MHC class I molecules on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), SIINFEKL stimulates CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, which are crucial for adaptive immune responses against intracellular pathogens and tumor cells.
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Immune System Monitoring: Due to its strong immunogenicity, SIINFEKL is used to monitor and quantify antigen-specific T-cell responses in preclinical research. It is a model for analyzing how the immune system responds to presented antigens.
Applications in Research and Drug Studies
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Cancer Immunotherapy: The SIINFEKL peptide is widely used in cancer immunotherapy research. Scientists often use it to evaluate the efficacy of new vaccine candidates and immune checkpoint inhibitors. By monitoring how SIINFEKL-specific CD8+ T cells target and kill tumor cells, researchers can determine the potential therapeutic benefits of novel treatments.
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Vaccine Development: SIINFEKL is incorporated into vaccine models to investigate antigen processing and the induction of T-cell immunity. In these models, the peptide is presented by dendritic cells or other APCs, aiding in the design of vaccines that aim to elicit strong cytotoxic T-cell responses.
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Antigen Presentation Studies: SIINFEKL is the gold standard for MHC class I antigen presentation assays. Researchers use this peptide with APCs to analyze how effectively antigens are presented to T cells. It allows for a precise understanding of how different treatments or conditions affect antigen processing and presentation.
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Immune Modulation: SIINFEKL is used in studying immune-modulating therapies, where the peptide is employed to stimulate specific T-cell responses, helping researchers examine ways to enhance or dampen immune activity in various disease models.
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Autoimmune Disease Models: In autoimmune disease research, SIINFEKL can be employed to assess how the immune system responds to specific self-antigens and to explore mechanisms for therapeutic intervention.
SIINFEKL Peptide in Drug Studies
The use of SIINFEKL in drug studies primarily focuses on evaluating immune-based therapies, particularly those targeting T-cell responses. Researchers frequently use the peptide in the following ways:
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Peptide-Based Vaccines: SIINFEKL serves as a model antigen in vaccine studies. By incorporating the peptide into experimental vaccines, researchers can assess the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate cells expressing the antigen, laying the groundwork for developing vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases.
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Immunotherapy Screening: SIINFEKL is often used to screen the efficacy of immune-modulating drugs such as checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4). Its ability to generate measurable immune responses makes it an ideal tool for preclinical drug screening.
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Adjuvant Testing: When used in conjunction with adjuvants, SIINFEKL allows researchers to measure how different adjuvants enhance or modulate antigen-specific T-cell responses. This is crucial in optimizing vaccine formulations and boosting the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Targeted Drug Delivery: Studies on targeted drug delivery systems use SIINFEKL to ensure that drugs specifically engage immune cells. This includes evaluating nanoparticles or other delivery platforms transporting antigens directly to antigen-presenting cells.
Conclusion
SIINFEKL, a potent immunogenic peptide, plays a pivotal role in immunological studies, cancer research, and vaccine development. Its ability to activate cytotoxic T cells via MHC class I presentation makes it indispensable in the fields of antigen processing, immune response evaluation, and drug development. As a robust and well-characterized model peptide, SIINFEKL continues to be a vital tool in advancing immunotherapy and therapeutic vaccine strategies.
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| | 1. Aurora A controls CD8+ T cell cytotoxic activity and antiviral response; Scientific Reports volume 9, Article number: 2211 (2019);
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-38647-y
...Ovoalbumin peptide (SIINFEKL) was synthesized by LifeTein...
2. Jeon D, Hill E, Moseman JE, McNeel DG. Combining toll-like receptor agonists with immune checkpoint blockade affects antitumor vaccine efficacy. J Immunother Cancer. 2024 May 3;12(5):e008799. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2024-008799. PMID: 38702146; PMCID: PMC11086196.
...Ovalbumin peptides for H-2b-restricted class I epitope (SIINFEKL) and class II epitope (ISQAVHAAHAEINEAGR, OVA-II) were synthesized, and the purity and identity were confirmed by mass spectrometry and gas chromatography (LifeTein, Hillsborough, New Jersey, USA)....
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