Galanin-Like Peptide (porcine) Trifluoroacetate, also known as GALP (porcine), is a 60-amino acid peptide that belongs to the galanin family, isolated from the porcine hypothalamus. This peptide, with the sequence H-Ala-Pro-Val-His-Arg-Gly-Arg-Gly-Gly-Trp-Thr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ala-Gly-Tyr-Leu-Leu-Gly-Pro-Val-Leu-His-Pro-Pro-Ser-Arg-Ala-Glu-Gly-Gly-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Thr-Ala-Leu-Gly-Ile-Leu-Asp-Leu-Trp-Lys-Ala-Ile-Asp-Gly-Leu-Pro-Tyr-Pro-Gln-Ser-Gln-Leu-Ala-Ser-OH, plays a critical role in various physiological processes due to its interaction with specific receptors in the brain.
Applications in Biological Research
GALP is particularly significant in neuroendocrine research due to its high affinity for the galanin receptor 2 (GALR2), with an IC50 of 0.24 nM, making it a highly selective ligand for this receptor. GALP also binds, albeit with lower affinity, to the GALR1 receptor (IC50 = 4.3 nM). This selectivity makes GALP a valuable tool for studying the distinct signaling pathways mediated by GALR2 compared to those involving GALR1.
Function and Mechanisms of Action
In research, GALP is used to investigate its role in the regulation of feeding behavior, energy homeostasis, and reproductive functions. The peptide’s ability to modulate these processes is linked to its interaction with GALR2, which is predominantly expressed in regions of the brain associated with these functions, such as the hypothalamus.
Studies have shown that GALP can influence feeding behavior and energy balance, making it a potential target for research into obesity and metabolic disorders. Additionally, GALP’s involvement in reproductive hormone regulation positions it as a peptide of interest in studies exploring the neuroendocrine control of reproduction.
Significance in Drug Development
Due to its selective receptor binding and involvement in key physiological processes, GALP is a promising candidate for drug development aimed at treating metabolic and reproductive disorders. Its ability to preferentially bind to GALR2 suggests potential therapeutic applications where selective receptor modulation is required.
Molecular and Storage Information
GALP (porcine) has a molecular formula of C281H443N81O78 and a molecular weight of 6204.11 g/mol. It is typically stored as a trifluoroacetate salt to ensure stability and solubility, with recommended storage at temperatures below -15°C to preserve its biological activity.
Researchers focusing on neuroendocrine functions, appetite regulation, and reproductive health will find GALP to be a vital peptide for exploring the complex interactions between these physiological systems and their potential therapeutic targets. | 